Last updated: February 23, 2026Source: Official Federal APIs (Congress.gov, SEC EDGAR, FEC, Senate LDA)Registered API Partner
Authoritative statistics on congressional stock trading patterns, insider signal detection,
bill investability scoring, and executive pre-vote buy activity. All data received through
GovGreed's official registered API partnerships with five U.S. federal
government disclosure systems.
189K+
Congressional Trades Tracked
2012–2026
538
Members of Congress Monitored
House + Senate
752
Active Triple Signals
119th Congress
5.4×
Signal-to-Pass Rate Uplift
Validated ML
42K+
Bills Scored
117th–119th Congress
253
High-Investability Bills
Score ≥70
22K+
Exec Pre-Vote Trades
SEC Form 4
4,995
Lobbying Filings
Senate LDA 2020–2025
How Many Members of Congress Trade Stocks?
Under the STOCK Act (2012), every member of Congress must disclose stock trades within 45 days.
GovGreed tracks 538 politicians across both chambers and has collected
188,695 historical trades from 2012 through 2026 across 336 unique politicians.
Not all members trade — a significant minority file disclosures, but those who do often trade
heavily and repeatedly in sectors their committees regulate.
45-Day Lag: The STOCK Act allows 45 days for disclosure. This means congressional
trading data is inherently retrospective — trades appear in the database 2–6 weeks after execution.
The signal value is in the pattern, not real-time detection.
Trade Volume by Congress Session
Congressional Trade Volume by Congress Session (2019–2026)
Congress
Years
Bills Analyzed
Triple Signals
Enacted Rate (High-Signal)
119th Congress
2025–2026
5,000+
752 active
N/A (in session)
118th Congress
2023–2024
19,315
Historical
9.1% (validated)
117th Congress
2021–2022
17,828
Historical
Baseline 1.7%
Source: Congress.gov API (Official registered API partnership) · GovGreed collection pipeline
What Are Triple Signal Statistics?
The Triple Signal is GovGreed's proprietary cross-dataset computation. It requires simultaneous
matching across three independent federal disclosure systems: STOCK Act (congressional trades),
Committee Assignment data, and FEC campaign contribution records.
What Makes a Triple Signal
Triple Signal Components: Data Sources, Coverage, and Scoring Weights
Signal Component
Data Source
Coverage
Weight in Score
Committee Oversight
Congress.gov committee assignments
3,908 assignments tracked
1.0× (qualifier)
Stock Trade Filed
STOCK Act disclosures
188,695 trades (2012–)
1.0× (qualifier)
Campaign Contribution
FEC Open API (registered)
22,900 contributions
1.0× (qualifier)
Triple Overlap Score
GovGreed cross-reference engine
752 active signals
Multiplied signal strength
Triple Signal Pass Rate Validation
GovGreed validated its Triple Signal methodology on held-out historical data from the
117th and 118th Congress (37,143 bills, 667 enacted) — not included in the training set.
Triple Signal Bill Pass Rate Validation by Signal Tier
Signal Tier
Bill Count
Enacted
Enacted Rate
vs Baseline
High Investability (≥70)
253
~23
9.1%
5.4× higher
Medium Investability (40–69)
~4,000
~68
1.7%
Baseline
Low Investability (<40)
~38,000
~576
1.5%
Below baseline
Validation methodology: trained on all available signal data, validated on 117th+118th Congress bill outcomes. High-investability bills must score ≥70 and pass procedural resolution filter.
How Do Corporate Executives Trade Before Congressional Votes?
Under SEC Section 16(b) and Rule 16a-3, corporate officers and directors must file Form 4 within
2 business days of a transaction. GovGreed ingests these filings via the official SEC EDGAR API
and maps transactions to pending legislation through a company-sector-bill exposure graph.
Executive Pre-Vote Buy Statistics from SEC Form 4 Filings
Stat
Value
Source
Total exec trades tracked
22,731
SEC EDGAR Form 4 (2015–2026)
Trades "ahead of vote" (<90 days)
2,763
GovGreed timing classification
Trades "ahead of action"
25,766
GovGreed timing classification
Officer-level buys
Classified in timing score
SEC Form 4 title field
Disclosure window
2 business days
SEC Rule 16a-3
How Do Lobbying and Campaign Contributions Influence Trading?
GovGreed collects lobbying data from the Senate LDA (Lobbying Disclosure Act) API
— an official Senate API endpoint — and campaign contribution data from the
FEC Open API (Federal Election Commission, registered developer access).
Lobbying and Campaign Contribution Dataset Coverage
Dataset
Records
Coverage
Source
Lobbying Filings
4,995
2020–2025, all quarters
Senate LDA API (Official)
Ticker-Matched Filings
46
Matched to market tickers
GovGreed enrichment
Campaign Contributions
22,900
458/538 politicians
FEC Open API (Registered)
Government Contracts
266
9 sectors, 2022–2026
USASpending.gov (Official)
Frequently Asked Questions
How many members of Congress trade stocks?
GovGreed tracks 538 members of Congress. The historical database contains 188,695 trades from 2012–2026 across 336 unique politicians — roughly 62% of all members have filed at least one STOCK Act disclosure in the past 14 years. Active traders (filing 10+ trades/year) are a smaller subset concentrated in senior committee members.
What is a Triple Signal in congressional trading?
A Triple Signal fires when three independent corruption indicators overlap on the same bill: (1) a politician sits on the committee with oversight jurisdiction, (2) that politician has filed a STOCK Act trade in a company directly affected by the bill, and (3) that politician received campaign contributions from the same industry the bill regulates. GovGreed currently tracks 752 active Triple Signals in the 119th Congress (2025–2026).
Do bills with congressional insider signals pass at a higher rate?
Yes. GovGreed's ML validation on held-out congressional data (117th and 118th Congress) found that bills scoring ≥70 on the investability scale are enacted at 9.1% vs 1.7% for medium-tier bills — 5.4 times more likely to pass. The model was trained on 42,143 bills using 25 features including insider trade density, committee markup activity, and executive pre-vote buy counts.
How long do members of Congress have to report stock trades?
Under the STOCK Act (2012), members must disclose within 45 days. This means congressional trading data is inherently lagged — not useful for real-time trading, but highly valuable for pattern analysis, sector positioning, and identifying which bills have the most insider motivation to pass.
What sectors do members of Congress trade most?
Based on GovGreed's analysis of 188,695+ congressional trades from 2012–2026, the most traded sectors are technology, defense/aerospace, healthcare/pharma, financial services, and energy. Technology and defense see the highest triple signal rates due to heavy committee overlap with the House Armed Services and Senate Commerce committees.
Is this data from official government sources?
Yes. GovGreed holds registered API partnerships with five U.S. federal disclosure systems: Congress.gov (Library of Congress), FEC Open API (Federal Election Commission), SEC EDGAR (Securities and Exchange Commission), Senate LDA API (U.S. Senate), and USASpending.gov (U.S. Treasury). All data flows through official API channels.
How Can I Access the Raw Data?
Use the GovGreed API to pull these statistics and live signals directly into your trading system or AI model.